Java Recursion in java ~ foundjava

Recursion in Java

Recursion in java is a process in which a method calls itself continuously. A method in java that calls itself is called recursive method.

It makes the code compact but complex to understand.

Syntax:

1. returntype methodname(){  
2. //code to be executed  
3. methodname();//calling same method  
4. }  

Java Recursion Example 1: Infinite times

1. public class RecursionExample1 {  
2. static void p(){  
3. System.out.println("hello");  
4. p();  
5. }  
6.   
7. public static void main(String[] args) {  
8. p();  
9. }  
10. }  

Output:

hello
hello
...
java.lang.StackOverflowError

Java Recursion Example 2: Finite times

1. public class RecursionExample2 {  
2. static int count=0;  
3. static void p(){  
4. count++;  
5. if(count<=5){  
6. System.out.println("hello "+count);  
7. p();  
8. }  
9. }  
10. public static void main(String[] args) {  
11. p();  
12. }  
13. }  

Output:

hello 1
hello 2
hello 3
hello 4
hello 5

Java Recursion Example 3: Factorial Number

1. public class RecursionExample3 {  
2.     static int factorial(int n){      
3.           if (n == 1)      
4.             return 1;      
5.           else      
6.             return(n * factorial(n-1));      
7.     }      
8.   
9. public static void main(String[] args) {  
10. System.out.println("Factorial of 5 is: "+factorial(5));  
11. }  
12. }  

Output:

Factorial of 5 is: 120

Working of above program:

factorial(5) 
   factorial(4) 
      factorial(3) 
         factorial(2) 
            factorial(1) 
               return 1 
            return 2*1 = 2 
         return 3*2 = 6 
      return 4*6 = 24 
   return 5*24 = 120

Java Recursion Example 4: Fibonacci Series

1. public class RecursionExample4 {  
2.     static int n1=0,n2=1,n3=0;      
3.      static void printFibo(int count){      
4.         if(count>0){      
5.              n3 = n1 + n2;      
6.              n1 = n2;      
7.              n2 = n3;      
8.              System.out.print(" "+n3);     
9.              printFibo(count-1);      
10.          }      
11.      }        
12.   
13. public static void main(String[] args) {  
14.     int count=15;      
15.       System.out.print(n1+" "+n2);//printing 0 and 1      
16.       printFibo(count-2);//n-2 because 2 numbers are already printed     
17. }  
18. }  

Output:

0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377